PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
FORM
[has/have + been + present participle]
Examples:
- You have been waiting here for two hours.
- Have you been waiting here for two hours?
- You have not been waiting here for two hours.
USE 1 Duration from the Past Until Now
We use the Present Perfect Continuous to show that something started in the past and has continued up until now. "For five minutes," "for two weeks," and "since Tuesday" are all durations which can be used with the Present Perfect Continuous.
Examples:
- They have been talking for the last hour.
- She has been working at that company for three years.
- What have you been doing for the last 30 minutes?
- James has been teaching at the university since June.
- We have been waiting here for over two hours!
- Why has Nancy not been taking her medicine for the last three days?
USE 2 Recently, Lately
You can also use the Present Perfect Continuous WITHOUT a duration such as "for two weeks." Without the duration, the tense has a more general meaning of "lately." We often use the words "lately" or "recently" to emphasize this meaning.
Examples:
- Recently, I have been feeling really tired.
- She has been watching too much television lately.
- Have you been exercising lately?
- Mary has been feeling a little depressed.
- Lisa has not been practicing her English.
- What have you been doing?
IMPORTANT
- Sometimes there is little or no difference in meaning between the Present Perfect Simple and Continuous.
- How long have you worked here?
- How long have you been working here?
- Some verbs have the idea of a long time: wait, work, learn, travel, play
These verbs can often be found in the Present Perfect Continuous. - I have been waiting for hours.
Some verbs don't have the idea of a long time: find, start, buy, die, lose, break, stop
These verbs are used in the Present Perfect Simple.
- I have bought a new dress.
- My cat has died.
- My radio has broken.
- Verbs that express a state -like, love, know, have (for possession), are not found in the Present Perfect Continuous.
- We have known each other for weeks.
- If the sentence gives a number or quantity, the Present Perfect Simple is used.
- I have been writing emails all morning.
- I have written twenty letters.
Remember that the Present Perfect Continuous has the meaning of "lately" or "recently." If you use the Present Perfect Continuous in a question such as "Have you been feeling alright?", it can suggest that the person looks sick or unhealthy. A question such as "Have you been smoking?" can suggest that you smell the smoke on the person. Using this tense in a question suggests you can see, smell, hear or feel the results of the action. It is possible to insult someone by using this tense incorrectly.
REMEMBER Non-Continuous Verbs/ Mixed Verbs
It is important to remember that Non-Continuous Verbs cannot be used in any continuous tenses. Also, certain non-continuous meanings forMixed Verbs cannot be used in continuous tenses. Instead of using Present Perfect Continuous with these verbs, you must use Present Perfect.
Examples:
- Sam has been having his car for two years. Not Correct
- Sam has had his car for two years. Correct
ADVERB PLACEMENT
The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs such as: always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc.
Examples:
- You have only been waiting here for one hour.
- Have you only been waiting here for one hour?
ACTIVE / PASSIVE
Examples:
- Recently, John has been doing the work. Active
- Recently, the work has been being done by John. Passive
NOTE: Present Perfect Continuous is less commonly used in its passive form.
EXERCISES AND RELATED TOPICS
- Verb Tense Exercise 7 Present Perfect and Present Perfect Continuous
- Verb Tense Exercise 8 Present Perfect and Present Perfect Continuous
- Verb Tense Exercise 9 Present Continuous and Present Perfect Continuous
- Verb Tense Exercise 10 Present Continuous and Present Perfect Continuous
- Verb Tense Exercise 14 Present Perfect, Past Perfect, Present Perfect Continuous, and Past Perfect Continuous
- Verb Tense Exercise 15 Tenses with durations
- Verb Tense Exercise 16 Present and Past Tenses with Non-Continuous Verbs
- Verb Tense Exercise 17 Present and Past Tense Review
- Verb Tense Practice Test Cumulative Verb Tense Review
- Verb Tense Final Test Cumulative Verb Tense Review
TENSE REVISION 2
READING AND SPEAKING
READING AND SPEAKING
Generous-generosity
|
close
|
distant
|
In common
|
kidnap
|
Pay the ransom
|
inherit
|
loving
|
cruel
|
caring
|
plague
|
proof
|
sweetheart
|
Party-loving
|
disaster
|
Drug overdose
|
demand
|
refuse
|
release
|
donate
|
Drug addiction
Drug addict
Drug addicted
|
bury
|
expel
|
imprison
|
recover
|
Have a stroke
|
paralyzed
|
Boarding school
|
modest
|
upbringing
|
VOCABULARY
due
pregnant
widowed - widow
engaged
funeral
die of
miss
alive
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